{"id":2606,"date":"2019-08-28T09:26:58","date_gmt":"2019-08-28T09:26:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.com\/tutorial\/?page_id=2606"},"modified":"2022-03-03T05:43:30","modified_gmt":"2022-03-03T05:43:30","slug":"vpc-revision","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.ai\/tutorial\/aws-certified-advanced-networking-specialty\/vpc-revision\/","title":{"rendered":"VPC Revision"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Here, we will learn about VPC Revision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A virtual network which is isolated and define &nbsp;by customer <\/li><li>VPC is the network layer for EC2<\/li><li>Creation needs IPv4 address range CIDR <ul><li>address\nrange should not overlap with other networks<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Components<\/li><li>Subnets<ul><li>1st\nfour IPs and last IP address in a subnet are reserved by AWS<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Public,\nPrivate, VPN<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Route tables<ul><li>Determine\nwhere traffic is sent and applied to all subnets<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Default\nroute called local route<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>VPC\nhas an implicit router<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>VPC\nautomatically comes with a main route table<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Each\nsubnet must e associated with a route table. Subnets will use the main route table\nif not assigned<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Can\nreplace main route table with custom table<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Route\ntable enlists destination CIDR and target<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Internet Gateways<ul><li>horizontally\nscaled<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>redundant<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>highly\navailable<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>provides\na target for internet traffic<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Creation\n<ul><li>Attach\nand IGW<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Then\nfor non local (0.0.0.0) traffic, instantiate a subnet route table <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>configure\nnetwork ACL and Security Groups<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>For\nsending and receiving traffic via IGW, public IP address is needed by the instance\n<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>DHCP Options<ul><li>Name\nservers<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>domain\nname<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>NTP\nservers<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Netbios\nname servers<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Netbios\nnode type<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elastic IP Addresses (EIP)<ul><li>Allocate\nthen assign them<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Specific\nto region<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>1\nto 1 relationship with&nbsp; network interfaces<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>can\nmove EIPs<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Stays\nwith account until explicitly release<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elastic Network Interfaces (ENI)<ul><li>virtual\nnetwork interface you can assign to an instance<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>associate\nwith a subnet<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>instance\ncan be dual homed<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Virtual data center in the cloud<\/li><li>A maximum of 5 VPCs in a AWS region is allowed. It\ncan also be increased <\/li><li>subnets present in the default VPC have an attached\nIGW <\/li><li>Multiple IGW&#8217;s can be created, but only a single\nIGW can be attached to a VPC.. No exceptions<\/li><li>Again, You can only have 1 Internet gateway per\nVPC<\/li><li>Both public and private IP address are present\nwith EC2 instance <\/li><li>If you delete the default VPC, the only way to\nget it back is to submit a support ticket<\/li><li>This answer is correct for the current iteration\nof tests, however AWS has now crated a mechanism in the console that allows you\nto recreate a default VPC<\/li><li>By default when you create a VPC, a default main\nrouting table automatically gets created as well.<\/li><li>Subnets are associated with single AZ only and\nnot multiple AZ&#8217;s<\/li><li>largest CIDR block &nbsp;for a VPC is \/16 <\/li><li>smallest CIDR block &nbsp;for a VPC is \/28 <\/li><li>AWS reserves 3 IP addresses in every subnet, as<ul><li>x.x.x.0\n&#8211; Always subnet network address and is never usable<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>x.x.x.1\n&#8211; Reserved by AWS for the VPC router<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>x.x.x.2\n&#8211; Reserved by AWS for subnet DNS<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>x.x.x.3\n&#8211; Reserved by AWS for future use<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>x.x.x.255\n&#8211; Always subnet broadcast address and is never usable.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>169.254.169.253 &#8211; Amazon DNS<\/li><li>By default all traffic between subnets is\nallowed<\/li><li>By default not all subnets have access to the\nInternet. Either an Internet Gateway or NAT gateway is required for private\nsubnets<\/li><li>security group can span to multiple AZ&#8217;s<\/li><li>Security Groups are stateful (Don&#8217;t need to open\ninbound and outbound, if inbound is allowed, outbound is auto allowed)<\/li><li>Network Access Control Lists (NACLs) are\nstateless (Must define both inbound and outbound rules)<\/li><li>Hardware VPN connection can be made amongst corporate\ndata center and VPC. Thus, AWS acts as extension of corporate data center<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>VPC Components<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Various objects are <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A Virtual Private Cloud: logically isolated\nvirtual network in AWS whose&nbsp; IP address\nspace can be selected.<\/li><li>Subnet: segment of&nbsp; VPC\u2019s IP address range to place groups of\nisolated resources.<ul><li>segment\nof an VPC\u2019s IP address range to launch EC2 instances, Amazon RDS databases, and\nother AWS resources. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>smallest\nsubnet is a \/28 (or 16 IP addresses). <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>AWS\nreserves first four IP addresses and the last IP address of every subnet for\ninternal networking purposes.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Internet Gateway: VPC side of connection to\nInternet.<\/li><li>NAT Gateway: NAT service for resources in a\nprivate subnet to access Internet.<\/li><li>Virtual private gateway: VPC side of a VPN\nconnection.<\/li><li>Peering Connection: enables to route traffic via\nprivate IP addresses between two peered VPCs.<\/li><li>VPC Endpoints: private connectivity to services\nhosted in AWS, from within VPC without using an Internet Gateway\/ VPN\/ NAT\ndevices\/ firewall proxies.<\/li><li>Egress-only Internet Gateway: stateful gateway\nto provide egress only access for IPv6 traffic from VPC to Internet.<\/li><li>Route tables <ul><li>A\nlogical construct within VPC having set of rules (or routes) applied to subnet\nand used to determine where network traffic is directed. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>With\nroute table EC2 instances in different subnets in a VPC to communicate with\neach other. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Route\ntable has default route called local route, to communication within Amazon VPC,\nand this route cannot be modified or removed.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol or DHCP,\noption can set &#8211;<ul><li>DHCP\npasses configuration information to hosts on a TCP\/IP network like domain name,\ndomain name server, and the netbios-node-type. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>AWS\nautomatically creates and associates a DHCP option set for the Amazon VPC upon\ncreation and sets two options: <ul><li>domain-name-servers\n(defaulted to AmazonProvidedDNS) <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>domain-name\n(defaulted to the domain name for your region). <\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>AmazonProvidedDNS\nis an Amazon Domain Name System (DNS) server, and this option enables DNS for\ninstances that need to communicate over the Amazon VPC\u2019s IGW.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Security groups <ul><li>A\nvirtual stateful firewall controlling inbound and outbound network traffic to\nAWS resources and EC2 instances. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>All\nAmazon EC2 instances must be launched into a security group. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>If\nnot specified at launch, then instance will be in default security group for\nVPC, which allows communication between all resources within security group,\nallows all outbound traffic, and denies all other traffic.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Network Access Control Lists (ACLs) <ul><li>Acts\nas stateless firewall on a subnet level. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>It\nis a group of rules&nbsp; which are numbered <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>AWS\nevaluates the list from lowest numbered to highest<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Rule\nevaluation to allow\/deny traffic in or out of any associated subnet. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Amazon\nVPCs have modifiable default network ACL associated with every subnet that allows\nall inbound and outbound traffic.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Optional Components of Amazon VPC<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Internet Gateways\n(IGWs) <\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A horizontally scaled, redundant, and highly\navailable Amazon VPC component for communication between instances in VPC and\nInternet. <\/li><li>It gives a target in VPC route tables for\nInternet-routable traffic<\/li><li>performs network address translation for\ninstances having public IP addresses. <\/li><li>EC2 instances in VPC are aware of only their\nprivate IP addresses. <\/li><li>For traffic from instance to Internet<ul><li>IGW\ntranslates reply address to instance\u2019s public IP address also called EIP\naddress<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Also\nstore mapping between instance private IP address and public IP address<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Elastic IP (EIP)\naddresses <\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>AWS manages a pool of public IP addresses in\neach region <\/li><li>Can be associated to resources in VPCs<\/li><li>It is a static, public IP address in pool for\nregion <\/li><li>can allocate it to account (pull from the pool) <\/li><li>Can release them (return to the pool). <\/li><li>It is a set of IP addresses that remain fixed\nwhile the underlying infrastructure may change over time.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Elastic Network\nInterfaces (ENIs) <\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A virtual network interface that can attach to\nan instance in an Amazon VPC. <\/li><li>ENIs are only available within an VPC<\/li><li>They are associated with a subnet upon creation.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Endpoints <\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It allows to create a private connection between\nVPC and another AWS service without access over Internet or NAT instance, VPN\nconnection, or AWS Direct Connect. <\/li><li>multiple endpoints can be created for single service <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"475\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.ai\/tutorial\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/image-259-475x400.png\" alt=\"VPC Revision\" class=\"wp-image-3977\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.ai\/tutorial\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/image-259-475x400.png 475w, https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.ai\/tutorial\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/image-259.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 475px) 100vw, 475px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.ai\/tutorial\/aws-certified-advanced-networking-specialty\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Learn more about VPC here.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here, we will learn about VPC Revision. A virtual network which is isolated and define &nbsp;by customer VPC is the network layer for EC2 Creation needs IPv4 address range CIDR address range should not overlap with other networks Components Subnets 1st four IPs and last IP address in a subnet are reserved by AWS Public,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2468,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[7,438,446],"class_list":["post-2606","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","tag-aws","tag-big-data-specialty","tag-vpc-revision"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>VPC Revision - Testprep Training Tutorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Enhance your knowledgr by learning the concepts of VPC Revision for having better preparation of the AWS Certification Exam Now!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testpreptraining.ai\/tutorial\/aws-certified-advanced-networking-specialty\/vpc-revision\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"VPC Revision - 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